By Melanie Yost
Every year, millions of people suffer concussions, but many don’t realize the hidden dangers lurking within their own skulls. A concussion is a form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that occurs when a blow to the head or sudden movement causes the brain to collide with the inside of the skull. Contrary to popular belief, losing consciousness is not necessary for brain damage to occur. The brain has the consistency of soft butter, while the inside of the skull is rough and lined with sharp ridges. Even a mild bump can cause the brain to slam against these areas, leading to bleeding, bruising and swelling that disrupt normal function.
Each year, approximately two million people visit U.S. emergency rooms for head injuries. However, hundreds of thousands more cases go unreported, especially when there is no loss of consciousness. Common causes include sports injuries such as football, baseball, rugby, martial arts and boxing, as well as high fall risk activities like gymnastics, cheerleading, acrobatics, cycling, skateboarding and equestrian sports. Car accidents and falls also contribute significantly to brain trauma, even in cases where symptoms don’t appear immediately. In fact, concussion symptoms can develop gradually over hours or days, making it critical to monitor for signs of brain injury.
According to research from the Amen Clinics, a mental health and brain imaging center, head injuries are a major underlying cause of mental health issues. Using Brain SPECT Imaging, which assesses blood flow and activity in the brain, the clinic found that 40% of its patients showed signs of past brain injuries—many of whom were unaware they had suffered a concussion. Concussions can lead to a wide range of physical, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral issues. Physical symptoms often include headaches, nausea, fatigue, dizziness and balance problems. Cognitively, individuals might experience difficulty concentrating, memory problems and confusion. Emotional effects can manifest as personality changes, mood swings, depression and anxiety. Behavioral changes, such as impulsivity, angry outbursts and increased risk-taking behavior, can also emerge. A Canadian study found that even one mild concussion triples the long-term risk of suicide. Dr. Amen’s clinical experience suggests that repeated brain injuries can contribute to lasting mood disorders, further emphasizing the seriousness of concussions.
Children and teenagers are particularly vulnerable to concussions, because their brains are still developing. Studies show that 91% of concussions impact the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the part of the brain responsible for impulse control, planning, empathy and decision-making. Damage to this area can have long-term consequences, affecting academic performance, career success, relationships and financial stability.
Proper care is essential for healing from a concussion. Sleep plays a crucial role in brain repair. So, getting at least eight hours per night is recommended. Avoiding strenuous mental and physical activities allows the brain time to heal, while limiting screen time helps reduce eye and brain fatigue. Staying hydrated and eating a whole-food diet rich in lean protein, fruits, vegetables and healthy fats supports recovery. Alcohol and drugs should be avoided, as they can interfere with healing. Some individuals may benefit from alternative therapies such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, which has been shown to reduce inflammation, increase oxygen levels and improve circulation for faster and more complete recovery.
Concussions are more than just a bump on the head. Recognizing the risks, seeking proper treatment and giving the brain time to heal can make a significant difference in long-term health. If symptoms persist, consulting a medical professional is essential to ensure the best possible recovery.
Melanie Yost is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and owner of Be Well Solutions and Complete Ketamine Solutions in Destin. She has been in the healthcare field for over 35 years.
